Localization, also known as localization, is the process of adapting a source language to the target language to be translated, taking into account the cultural, social and behavioral characteristics of the speakers of that language, local units of measurement, laws, etc.
In normal translation, the exact dictionary equivalents of the words to be translated from the source language into the target language are taken into account, and the meaning and expression are completely faithful. In localization work, the meaning of the words and sentences in the source language to be translated is translated by taking into account the language features and usage patterns in the region where the target language is spoken. This process is a kind of adaptation activity.
At this point, we should also mention the nuances between localization and nationalization. Nationalization requires one level more effort and skill than localization. For example, if the source text contains references to and quotations from the laws of the country in which the source text is used, the translation team should scan the laws of the target country and mention these laws in their translations, and warn their clients if there are differences between laws and practices. This requires that the native language of the translation team members should be the target language. At the same time, at least one member of the translation team should be a long-term resident of the country where the target content will be used.
Language and Culture Competence in Localization
When performing localization, it is essential to have a good command of the target language to be translated into. For this reason, localization work should be carried out by expert translators who will translate from the source language into the target language. The expert translator must be extremely familiar with the characteristics of the target language to be translated, have a good command of the structure of that language and be able to create an integrity of meaning that speakers of that language will understand. The main purpose of Localization is to take into account the sociocultural characteristics and language usage patterns of the speakers of the target language.
Areas of Localization
Localization activity has recently been frequently used in website localization and content localization studies. The process of adapting the website, which is one of the most important assets of a brand in the online environment, and its related content in a way that is understandable to the target audience to be addressed is of strategic importance. Localization work also enables the desired realization of elements such as being noticeable and speaking the same language, which the brand aims for.
Localization rather than translation is also used to transfer the content of games played on computers, game consoles or smartphones into the target language. Some effects that cannot be achieved through normal translation processes can be achieved through localization. The names of the heroes, places and all other elements in the game can be changed according to the language, culture or history of the target culture.
Localization has become a highly demanded service, especially as a result of globalization and the desire to appeal abroad. The desire of brands to reach individuals from different cultures, geographies and lifestyles and to be more understandable has increased the speed of localization or localization.
Localization or localization should be considered from a different perspective than literal translation services. Experts working in this field should also be aware that a different and creative translation strategy should be pursued. The main condition for the success of localization is that it is carried out by local translation teams that are more specific than one-to-one translation and have the ability to use a local language.
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